Contacts
home/ Desserts

What cakes are delicious. The most unusual names for baked goods

By the way, who about children, at the age of 10 they did sounding to me, it was horror, now everything is much more humane. Olga Kozub
There is nothing painful in it. Only the gag reflex, which is naturally not very pleasant, at the stage of the introduction of the probe. But these are seconds. Now probably some more modern probes. And then, when the probe was introduced, you only feel that it is inside, when it is moved and nothing more.
Is it a very painful procedure? I read it and am afraid to do it. Well, as I already wrote above, I read what they do not earlier than 10 years. My child weighs 22 kg only at 9 years old. All transparent. Olga Kozub
I did my first duodenal intubation either at the age of 6 or at the age of 7. My daughter has hypokinetic type of gastric dysfunction. Passed a course of treatment (Motilium, Trimedad, Ursosan) and that's it. Regular exacerbations, but doctors, except for the fifth diet, do not prescribe anything. At the slightest violation (3 pancakes for breakfast, a piece of kozinaki, or just a long break between meals), we have nighttime nausea and pain in the right hypochondrium. I have long and persistently suspected Giardia, but we just can't get tested for Giardia. Parasep is needed 5 times and fresh feces (as the gastroenterologist told us). It turned out to pass only 1 time after the glycerin candle (the pediatrician advised). Now my daughter does not let me close to her with these candles.
It only poops at lunchtime after school, while I'm at work. I can't poop in the morning. We live in Barnaul, our tests are taken from 8 to 11 o'clock. They donated blood for antibodies - the blood is clean. We regularly hand over the ovary leaf, scrapings, but they, of course, do not show anything. Duodenal is done early, the child is 9 years old. I'm just worn out already. Alopecia areata also appeared.

I'm afraid to self-medicate, my girl is thin, asthenic, and intracranial pressure is also increased. And I don’t know what to do, I’m no longer strong.

Maybe there are some ways to poop in the morning to get tested. Maybe you can take some kind of laxative seagulls? Will this affect the result of the analysis?

I read the forum, I think, can oats be served or Tanaxol for prevention? And what does giving up sweets involve? Is it basically the rejection of all products containing sugar, from baked goods and cookies, for example? Or from sweet and sweet (sweets, chocolate, marshmallows and others confectionery)? Ocarina
What are your symptoms? You heal so hard. I can't imagine how the children can withstand these courses of treatment, I have been undergoing treatment for a year already, I have completed 3 courses, only after the makmiror there was a result, but not for long, and after it there was a white tongue, the stomach valves were open, they prescribed the treatment that I threw after 4 days, because the kidneys ached it’s just impossible to live and my head ached in general I’m silent, how bad it was. By the way, at the expense of the valves, the diet helped me specifically to exclude overeating (because doctors prescribe to eat more often, but they are silent about small portions), coffee, tea, mint, onions. There are no miracle pills, they all have a bad effect, contraindications for the liver, kidneys, and so on. Duck now is the moment when I physically poison myself, I can not even drink choleretic. At the same time, at home, a UV lamp + a disinfecting air purifier, a humidifier with disinfection, a filter naturally with a second tap on the sink, I iron absolutely everything, every day I process the bathroom in the kitchen, handles of cabinets and doors with steam, dishes in the dishwasher, tk. in sanpin it is written that lamblia does not take chemistry for a long time, then cleaning only with hot steam is total - purely like in a good hospital. Doctors, meanwhile, are voicing various versions of the methods of infection, in connection with which almost all the flowers were thrown out and those that are processed, they washed their hands earlier for a long time, deducted that 15-20 seconds should be washed thoroughly. Now we will go on a diet again, by the way, doctors have different opinions of what is and what is not. As a result, I tend to no longer treat with medicines, because it is always around us and you can always get infected, the key is in the lifestyle, I plan a diet for a year (create a more acidic environment), duodenal intubation regularly (I go to a trusted granny in the hospital and she advises more vegetables and fruits according to the season), at the expense of mineral water and oak bark, a competent doctor is needed so that later there are no questions with stones in the gallbladder and kidneys, because after the medication, sand appeared in the gallbladder and this is the danger of stones and, accordingly, removal). Experienced and those who have lost their health do not recommend pills to be treated, they advise choleretic collection. And even according to the analyzes, I do not have lamblia either by the enrichment method or by probing, however, all the symptoms are there and the opening of the valves indirectly indicates this. parasites interfere with motor skills. And by the way, about frunze and the enrichment method, these technologies under a microscope are quite simple in America, manuals have been developed for a very long time, by the way, in vitro there is also a parasep method only much more expensive, especially since it is necessary more than once. M 2013
First, it would be necessary to poison with medication all the same.

More often, giardiasis does not manifest itself in the human body in any way, which greatly complicates the diagnosis and the appointment of the correct treatment. The disease causes metabolic disorders, non-assimilation of useful vitamins and minerals, severe pain. The acute form of development of giardiasis is characterized by several specific symptoms:

  • indigestion (constipation, bloating, and diarrhea);
  • nausea and pain in the central abdomen;
  • enlargement of internal organs - liver and spleen;
  • fatigue and drowsiness;
  • a slight increase in body temperature.

In the chronic stage of giardiasis, severe headaches occur.

Without proper treatment, the acute form of the disease becomes chronic, characterized by periodic attacks of relapse. For the chronic form of giardiasis, the following symptoms are characteristic:

  • the appearance of headaches and a decrease in total body weight;
  • metabolic and digestive disorders;
  • disorders of a neurotic nature.

Back to the table of contents

Types and localization of pain in giardiasis

Stomach ache

  • any painful sensations occur regardless of food intake;
  • giardiasis is characterized by severe pain that is localized in the navel.

Concomitant symptoms:

  • an increase in body temperature up to 38 degrees;
  • indigestion - lack of appetite, nausea and vomiting.

Back to the table of contents

Joint pain with lamblia

  • Unpleasant pains in the knees, arms and legs occur during exercise. A person can feel pain in the evening and at night.
  • The inflamed joints are slightly enlarged and there is swelling around them. This is due to the inflammatory process inside the joint - excess fluid collects there and edema occurs.

Back to the table of contents

Diagnostics and treatment

The correct diet for giardiasis - in adults and children

Diet in the treatment of giardiasis in adults and children takes an important step towards a complete cure of pests.

Diet for giardiasis - what is possible and what is not

With giardiasis, it is forbidden to eat:

  • all types of bread and bakery products;
  • semolina porridge;
  • pasta of all kinds;
  • sweet dishes and products, honey;
  • fat meat;
  • sweet berries and fruits (grapes, melons, peaches, bananas);
  • fried foods;
  • smoked and uncooked smoked food products;
  • fast foods;
  • drinks with gas;
  • sausages;
  • whole milk;
  • potato;
  • any canned food and crab sticks.

Thus, it becomes clear that the intake of fatty and high-calorie foods is becoming the main prohibition in the fight against giardiasis. You should also limit the intake of foods that provoke flatulence - legumes, garlic and onions, spicy herbs, horseradish, radishes, radishes.

At the initial stage, you should eat sparing food, this is due to the fact that the signs of giardiasis are diarrhea and possibly vomiting. Drinking plenty of fluids is a very important condition for recovery.

With giardiasis, you can eat:

  • meat and fish, but only low-fat varieties;
  • natural yoghurts without additives;
  • sour cottage cheese;
  • apples with sour and sweet and sour taste;
  • low-fat cheeses;
  • citrus fruits;
  • brown rice for adults and white for children;
  • fruits with pectin (currants, lingonberries, blueberries, cherries, strawberries, cranberries);
  • porridge (buckwheat, barley, oatmeal).

Diet for giardiasis in adults - menus and recipes

In general, the diet for giardiasis in adults and the menu are not particularly different from the diet that children also need to follow. You should give up alcoholic beverages, carbohydrate foods, sweets and fatty foods. In order not to deviate from the recommendations of doctors, there is an approximate menu schedule for a week.

Menu for the week

  • Breakfast: as always, this time of day favors porridge, with giardiasis, it should be prepared from corn, buckwheat, oatmeal, barley and brown rice. Tomorrow can be supplemented with sour dried fruit compote.
  • Snack (lunch): sour berries and fruits, for example, baked apple or sour fresh cherries.
  • Lunch: low-fat broth from turkey, chicken or duck, oatmeal and their cranberry or currant juice.
  • Afternoon snack: juice from sour berries, such as blueberries, as well as low-fat cottage cheese or yogurt.
  • Dinner: steamed cutlets, vegetable stew, low-fat cheese and tea.

And it is imperative to exclude all kinds of sweets from the diet, as well as sweet berries and fruits.

Recipes

In order to diversify the menu with such a diet, experts offer many recipes for dishes:

  • Berry juice: bring the water to a boil, add berries to it, pre-crushed with a crush and with the addition of a small amount of sugar. After that, the fire is turned off, the fruit drink is covered with a lid for infusion.
  • Fish and vegetables: a piece of fish is spread on the foil low-fat variety, put tomato, eggplant, greens, carrots, and a slice of lemon cut into pieces there. All this is slightly crushed with salt, the foil is wrapped and everything is sent to the grill or to the double boiler.

At this stage, it is better to refuse bread and other baked goods, since flour products contain carbohydrates.

Diet for giardiasis in children - menus and recipes

When it comes to babies, the diet for giardiasis in children and the menu completely exclude breast and whole milk, the nutrition of infants is replaced with artificial mixtures. It is also better to limit the intake of fruits and berries allergens, which often cause allergies in young children.

Menu for the week

  • Breakfast: white rice porridge and low-sugar fruits.
  • Snack (second breakfast): low-fat cottage cheese or natural yoghurt without any additives;
  • Lunch: sautéed vegetables, boiled or baked poultry in the oven, vegetable salad, such as cabbage and fresh cucumber with addition lemon juice... You can add berry juice or compote.
  • Afternoon snack: low-fat kefir, cottage cheese, sour apples.
  • Dinner: fruit purees, low-fat cottage cheese, pancakes from corn grits, freshly brewed compote.

At night, it will be useful to drink a glass of kefir with a low percentage of fat. In general, a child often needs to eat in small portions per day and a prerequisite for the diet is drinking plenty of fluids.

Recipes

So that the diet for giardiasis and the menu does not seem limited, nutritionists give recipes for cooking different dishes with such a diagnosis in children.

  • Vegetable stew: cut into wedges a couple of potatoes, tomato, zucchini, carrots, Bell pepper... At the bottom of the stewpan, there should be vegetable oil, where vegetables will be sautéed, first potatoes, then carrots and all other products. You can season the dish with origano or basil. Tomatoes are added last.
  • Baked apples: for such a dish it is better to take sour varieties of apples, for example, semerenko. Remove the core from each apple, put cottage cheese and cinnamon in these places. After that, the apples are baked in the oven until a blush appears.

So, the favorites in the diet of children from giardiasis are fruits and berries with a large amount of pectin, dairy products with a low percentage of fat, as well as cereals and fiber.

Diet cycles for giardiasis

A special diet in the presence of lamblia is made up according to several cycles, which are important to adhere to.

It is very important to ensure that you have clean food in your diet, and you should wash your hands with soap and water before every meal. In addition to diet, the treatment of giardiasis involves drug therapy and the use of folk remedies.

What is the danger of lamblia for a pregnant woman. Symptoms, diagnosis, stages of treatment

  • Causes of lamblia during pregnancy
  • Life cycle of lamblia
  • Symptoms of a pregnant woman's infection with lamblia
    • Symptoms characteristic of the acute form
    • The chronic form is characterized by the following symptoms
  • Diagnosis of giardiasis in pregnant women
  • Treatment of giardiasis in pregnant women
    • Stages of treatment for giardiasis
    • Stage 1
    • Stage 2
    • Stage 3
  • What should be the diet
  • Prevention of giardiasis during pregnancy
  • Output

Giardia is also affected by children and pregnant women. Infection occurs when hygiene rules are not followed (through dirty products and hands). The source of infection is a carrier or an infected person.

Causes of lamblia during pregnancy

During the entire pregnancy, women are highly vulnerable to the effects of various microorganisms, which is explained by the hormonal changes occurring in the body, as a result of which the efficiency of the immune system decreases. Due to such factors, the risk of getting sick during pregnancy increases.

Life cycle of lamblia

Giardia can exist in 2 life forms:

  1. Trophozoid (vegetative stage) - is invasive and pathogenic. It is at this stage that the first symptoms of infection appear in a person. The causative agent attaches to the walls of the small intestine with its suction apparatus, which is located in the lower part of its body and begins to lead its inherent way of life. The stage lasts about 40 days in the intestine, but if the pathogen is found in the external environment or in the large intestine, it dies, as it is very picky about such conditions of stay. The instant death of the trophozoid also occurs under the influence of high or too low temperatures, as well as when exposed to disinfectants.
  2. Cysts - this form develops when an immature individual enters the environment, which later turns into a cyst form. It is extremely resistant to life from the outside and can exist for a fairly long time, which is calculated in months: in the soil for about 3 months, in water for up to 5 days. Cysts are resistant even to acidic stomach environment, disinfectants and 5% bleach.

Important! The microorganisms that have penetrated the body secrete toxic substances that poison the body. During pregnancy, this adversely affects the development of the baby.

Symptoms of a pregnant woman's infection with lamblia

In the early stages of infection, the disease is asymptomatic. Due to the microscopic size of the pathogen, symptoms can appear only when there are too many lamblia and the toxins they release. Since the small intestine is mainly affected, more symptoms are associated with the gastrointestinal tract.

Symptoms associated with neuropsychiatric and allergic disorders may also be present. The disease has two forms:

  1. Sharp;
  2. Chronic.

Each of them is characterized by symptoms that do not intersect one with the second.

Symptoms characteristic of the acute form

  • Diarrhea (due to dysbiosis) - observed up to 10 times throughout the day. The stool is watery, has an unpleasant odor;
  • An increase in temperature to 38.5 C (sometimes it can go off scale for 40 C);
  • Rash. Appears infrequently, usually 5 days after the first signs appear.
  • Atopic dermatitis. It manifests itself during pregnancy only in women susceptible to allergies;
  • General malaise.

If you do not treat an acute disease, it will turn into a chronic form.

The chronic form is characterized by the following symptoms

  1. Biliary dyskinesia is when bile enters the liver in either small or large quantities;
  2. Unstable stools;
  3. Increased gas formation.

Also, during pregnancy, frequent, paroxysmal pain in the abdomen may disturb. The chronic form is often accompanied by headaches, weakness, which indicates a serious intoxication of the body. During pregnancy, the disease usually proceeds in an acute form, and at its first manifestations, it is necessary to contact a specialized institution for obtaining qualified medical care, since as lamblia accumulates, the woman's condition will worsen.

This will affect not only her body, but also the development of the embryo, since with giardiasis, the mechanism of absorption of vitamins and nutrients necessary for its normal development is disrupted. In addition, lamblia provokes a decrease in the number of red blood cells in the blood, which can lead to insufficient oxygen supply to the fetus.

Diagnosis of giardiasis in pregnant women

The only reliable source for confirming infection is specific diagnostics - this is luminescence microscopy of duodenal contents and feces. This technique is the most reliable, in addition to it, you can use serological research methods - the detection of specific M and IgG immunoglobulins in the blood serum.

In order to confirm or deny the presence of lamblia in the body of a pregnant woman, it is necessary to pass the following tests:

  • Blood (general analysis);

Feces are examined weekly. The diagnosis is established when pathogens are found in it or in the duodenal contents. After a laboratory study of the tests, the doctor will be able to draw a conclusion and prescribe the necessary treatment to the woman.

Treatment of giardiasis in pregnant women

As soon as the diagnosis is made, you need to immediately start treatment in order to protect your child from the negative effects of lamblia. It should be remembered that pregnant women are strictly forbidden to self-medicate, under any circumstances. Here, the utmost care and accuracy of dosages is required, which can only be established by a doctor.

A woman is only required to observe the following simple points:

  1. Strictly follow all the recommendations of a specialist;
  2. Take medications only in the indicated dosage, without missing more than one dose;
  3. Treat all family members, as there is a possibility of "new", mutual infections.

Stages of treatment for giardiasis

The whole therapy process is divided into 3 stages.

Stage 1

The purpose of this stage is:

  • Fight against the causative agent of the disease;
  • Elimination of toxicosis;
  • Improving the activity of the gastrointestinal tract;
  • Correction of the body's immune system.

To achieve these goals, a pregnant woman is prescribed the strictest diet, in which eating is not allowed:

  1. Dairy products;
  2. Carbohydrate food.
  • Vegetable oil;
  • Porridge;
  • Vegetables.

Acceptance of choleretic drugs, among other things, like everyone else, is prescribed by a doctor when it is extremely necessary, they can be:

  1. Allochol, holasas;
  2. Enterosgel, smecta, activated carbon, polyphepan (enterosorbents);
  3. Fenistil, suprastin (antihistamines).

The stage is aimed at recreating conditions that can stop the development and reproduction of lamblia. Its duration is from 10-15 days. The use of enterosorbents, as well as antihistamines, continues throughout the entire course of therapy.

Stage 2

  • Albendazole or tinidazole;
  • Metronidazole (Trichopolum);
  • Ornidazole;
  • Furazolidone;
  • Mepacrine.

The choice of drugs remains with the specialist, since some of them are toxic. These drugs have a direct effect on Giardia. The duration of their intake and dosage is set taking into account the age category and other characteristics of the pregnant woman's body.

Stage 3

This is the final recovery stage. It is aimed at restoring and strengthening the protective functions of the body. For this, the intake of plant adaptogens, multivitamins and enzyme preparations is prescribed. It is also very important during pregnancy during the recovery period to follow a diet and carry out prophylaxis so that Giardia does not populate the body again.

What should be the diet

A diet for giardiasis is the main and prerequisite. In order for the therapy to give the best result, it is strictly forbidden to use such products as:

  1. Flour products (bread, pastries);
  2. All sorts of pasta;
  3. Milk and dairy products (due to the content of milk sugar - lactose, quite in decent quantities);
  4. Semi-finished products, which contain starch (crab sticks, sausages, sausages);
  5. Fast foods;
  6. Fried, smoked;
  7. Carbonated drinks;
  8. Hot spices;
  9. Legumes;
  10. Vegetables (radish, onion, horseradish, radish);
  11. Semolina;
  12. Canned food, pickles, marinades;
  13. Natural honey;
  14. Sweets (carbohydrates);
  15. Berries and fruits (bananas, melons, peaches, grapes).

These are foods that irritate the gastrointestinal tract.

Foodstuffs allowed for consumption:

  • Sour fruits;
  • Vegetables (raw, stewed) in any form - beetroot, cucumbers, tomatoes, carrots;
  • Berries containing a lot of pectin are eaten without restrictions - viburnum, cranberries, cherries, strawberries, currants and many others. others;
  • Cereals on water from buckwheat, oatmeal, corn, rice, yak;
  • Soups (hated, but not low-fat);
  • Low-fat fish and meat;
  • Dairy products are allowed skim cheese, cheese and unsweetened yogurt;

It is useful to consume acidic fruits within 30 minutes. before the main meal, since the acidic environment has a detrimental effect on lamblia, therefore this diet is one of the main methods of cure. You need to eat 5 times a day in small portions. It is better to steam, boil or bake dishes. If such a diet is adhered to for 3-4 months, the intestinal microflora will normalize on its own.

Prevention of giardiasis during pregnancy

Giardia occurs due to lack of hygiene, so the main thing in prevention is the following:

Although giardia can withstand freezing and heating up to 50 ° C, they die when boiled.

Output

Giardia have a negative effect on the body of a pregnant woman and her fetus, so all preventive measures must be strictly observed in order to protect your child from unwanted complications - infection with toxins secreted by lamblia.

Giardiasis is, of course, an extremely unpleasant disease, but today a sufficient number of drugs are offered to combat it, thanks to which you can safely enjoy your pregnancy.

Giardiasis can develop both in an acute clinical form and have a sluggish picture, that is, be chronic. In the first case, the signs of the disease are clearly expressed, and it is not difficult to diagnose the simplest. In the second, the person may not have any symptoms, and the infection is detected, often randomly.

In both cases, the treatment of giardiasis in adults and children is prescribed without fail. But, unfortunately, there is no single approach to all patients, and there are some explanations for this:

As a rule, immediate eradication of lamblia is prescribed only in the acute form. In other cases, therapy is carried out according to the standard technique.

The use of drugs according to the classical treatment regimen

For this reason, the attending physician prescribes anti-lambliasis therapy in three stages:

  • Preparation period.
  • Medication with drugs for lamblia.
  • The recovery period.

In rare cases, the absence of severe gastroenterological and allergic symptoms allows you to immediately proceed to the second stage of treatment.

Preparation period

Preparation for the main treatment depends on the symptoms of giardiasis. During this period, the patient is prescribed a diet aimed at creating unfavorable conditions for the existence of lamblia.

Of the drugs in the preparatory period, the following are most often prescribed:

  • Enterosorbents. For example, Smecta collects and removes toxins. It normalizes the conditions for the growth of beneficial bacteria, protects the intestinal mucous membranes from harmful effects bacteria, and promotes their evacuation from the body. It is prescribed for patients of any age.
  • To reduce allergic reactions, Zodak, Ceterizin, Tsetrin are prescribed.
  • Choleretic functions are restored with the help of prokinetics (Motilium, Dompiredon) and cholecystokinetics (magnesium sulfate, xylitol, sorbitol).
  • Dysfunction of the sphincter of Oddi is treated with selective (Odeston) or non-selective (Duspatalin, No-shpa) antispasmodics. In this case, choleretic drugs are canceled.
  • To restore the digestive function, enzymes are prescribed (Festal, Mezim, Enzistal, Creon).
  • With hepatic pathology, under the influence of giardiasis, hepatoprotectors (Heptral, Karsil, Leaf-52) are taken.

Medicinal destruction of lamblia

Medicines for the treatment of giardiasis are due to three groups:

  • Nitroimidazoles - Metronidazole, Ornidazole, Tinidazole.
  • Nitrofurans - Furazolidone, Nifuratel, Macmiror, Enterofuril.
  • Benzimidazoles - Albendazole, Nemozole.

From the medical arsenal, drugs such as Furozolidone and Metronidazole are increasingly disappearing due to their high toxicity and bacteria resistance to them. More modern drugs such as McMiror, Ornidazole and Albendazole are replacing them. Taking them rarely has a negative impact, is more effective and less toxic.

In combination with these drugs for lamblia in adults, Enterol is well combined, the positive effect of which is due to antagonistic properties against some pathogenic bacteria. In addition, the drug has an antitoxic effect, normalizes beneficial microflora and increases the enzymatic function of the intestine.

The most common treatment for giardiasis is a two-course duration with a week break. Moreover, for the second course, a drug is selected that is different from the first. This approach increases the effectiveness of therapy and guarantees the best possible result.

Whatever the form of giardiasis, you should not treat yourself. A complete examination, identification of contraindications, selection of a treatment regimen, which indicates the dosage and duration of treatment, as well as monitoring the outcome of therapy, should be carried out only by the attending physician.

Recovery period

The final stage of therapy for giardiasis has several directions:

  • Replenish the deficit nutrients.
  • Strengthen the protective properties of the body.
  • Restore digestive functions.
  • Normalize beneficial intestinal microflora.

She continues to take sorbents, antihistamines and enzymes. A gentle diet is followed both during treatment and at the end of it. You can compensate for the deficiency of nutrients with the help of complex preparations:

  • Stimbifida, which contains vitamins of the group B, zinc, selenium, vitamin C, inulin and oligofructose. The course of taking it continues for a month, 3 times a day, 2 tablets with meals.
  • Biona 3, which also includes vitamins of the group B, vitamin A, C, E, PP, D, contains calcium, iron, iodine, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, chromium, zinc. In addition, it contains lacto and bifidobacteria. Reception is the same, the number of capsules is 1 per day.

Enterol helps to increase the effectiveness of therapy for giardiasis at this stage. Adults need to take it within 10 days, children - 5.

To strengthen the protective functions of the body and prevent relapse, the patient is prescribed immunostimulants:

  • Polyoxidonium.
  • Likopid.

The intake of enzymes with meals - Pancreatin, Festal, Enzistal helps to restore the digestive function. The dosage is calculated individually.

The intestinal microflora is normalized while taking probiotics (Linex, Bifibumbacterin, Acepol) and prebiotics (Lactrofiltrum, Prelax, Lactusan).

Description of the most effective drugs

Medicines used to treat giardiasis are divided into three groups, each of which is based on a specific active ingredient. They are prescribed based on the clinical picture of the disease and the individual tolerance of the active ingredient.

Nitroimidazoles

The most effective drug in this group is Ornidazole. Its analogues are Tiberal, Lornisol, Ornisid, Quinisol, Dazolic.

Available in the form of tablets weighing 500 mg. The drug is prescribed taking into account the weight category of the patient. Adults take a single dose of 1.5 g (3 tablets) after meals. For children under 35 kg, the dosage is calculated according to the formula 40 mg per 1 kg of body weight. The treatment lasts 1-2 days. The pill is enteric coated, so it must be swallowed whole.

Ornidazole is maximally absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, reaching the highest concentration after 3 hours. It has a bioavailability of 90%. It penetrates well into almost all biological fluids and body tissues. The metabolites of the drug are excreted by the kidneys.

Has a number of contraindications:

  • Sensitivity to drug components.
  • Children up to age 3 years.
  • First trimester pregnancy.
  • Lactation period.
  • CNS lesions and hematological abnormalities.

The drug should be used with caution in people with hepatic insufficiency, epileptic syndrome, multiple sclerosis, as well as people with alcohol dependence.

Ornidazole is characterized by such side effects, how:

  • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
  • Convulsions and tremors of the limbs.
  • Impaired coordination.
  • Allergic reaction.
  • Metal taste in the mouth.

If the use of the drug had to be during lactation, it is better to refuse breastfeeding. The high penetrating ability of ornidazole into biological fluids makes breastfeeding dangerous during treatment.

Nitrofurans

The most popular drug in this group is McMiror. Coated tablets weighing 200 mg. Among the drugs used to treat giardiasis, this remedy is considered the most effective.

Macmiror has a minimum of side effects, since it practically does not affect the hepatobiliary system. Destroys most of the bacteria associated with giardiasis, including Halicobacter and Candida fungi.

It is used to treat children from 2 months, the dosage is calculated according to the formula - 15 mg per 1 kg of the child's weight. The course lasts a week, the drug is taken 2 times a day. Adults take 400 mg of Ornidazole also for 7 days, 2 times a day.

In addition to tablets, McMirora has several convenient release forms - vaginal suppositories, cream. Its main advantage is considered to be the lack of impact on the beneficial microflora of a person, due to which the patient does not develop dysbiosis.

During pregnancy, the drug is prescribed in case of urgent need. If it is necessary to take Macmiror for a nursing woman, it is better to refuse breastfeeding.

Benzimidazoles

The drugs in this group are represented by Albendazole. The main distinctive feature of this universal remedy the ability to suppress bacteria at any stage of their development is considered. Its detrimental effect for lamblia is due to the ability to disrupt the absorption of glucose and the synthesis of ATP. As a result, microbes die and are removed from the body.

The drug is available in the form of 400 mg tablets, which is a single daily dose for adults. For children, the drug is available in the form of a suspension of 20 ml. The mass of the active substance is 100 mg in 5 ml. The dosage is calculated according to the formula 10 ml per 1 kg of the child's weight.

The course of treatment for giardiasis with Albendazole lasts 3 days. After 3 weeks, it must be repeated.

Contraindications:

  • Children under 2 years of age.
  • Pregnancy is a categorical prohibition.
  • Lactation period.
  • Intolerance to the components of the drug.

For people with pathologies of the hepatobiliary system (cirrhosis) and impaired hematopoietic functions, Albendazole should be taken with extreme caution.

Side effects:

  • Hyperthermia.
  • Hives.
  • Abdominal abdominal pain.
  • Alopecia.
  • Hypertension
  • Headache.
  • Increased production of liver enzymes.
  • Allergic reaction.
  • Violation of hematopoiesis.

The described drugs and treatment regimen for this disease are quite common and are used by many doctors. But it should be remembered that drugs for lamblia are most often highly toxic and have a number of contraindications. The appointment of certain medications, the determination of the dosage and duration of treatment should be done only by a competent specialist, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient.

There are several ways of infection with giardiasis:

  • the use of untreated water;
  • household - infection through household items;
  • through food: often the cause of infection is insufficient heat treatment food products.

Treatment is prescribed taking into account the symptoms manifested. Severe diarrhea occurs, body temperature rises, additional symptoms may develop:

  • vomiting, nausea;
  • rashes on the skin;
  • complete lack of appetite;
  • sharp soreness in the abdomen;
  • headache, irritation;
  • emotional instability;
  • pallor of the skin.

To confirm the diagnosis, carry out laboratory research... Material for research - feces (cysts, trophozoites, antigens are found), duodenal contents (trophozoites of lamblia, vegetative forms can be found).

Therapies

Therapy for giardiasis in case of infection of older patients is not fully approved due to the presence of some difficulties:

  • it is impossible to find the only one The right way therapy;
  • frequent side effects;
  • the presence of mutating forms of lamblia that are resistant to traditional substances (metronidazole, furazolidone);
  • high risk of re-invasion due to lack of immunity;
  • the presence of concomitant pathologies.

Infectionists carry out step-by-step treatment:

Preparation is an important step in the treatment regimen for giardiasis in an adult patient. Its duration depends on the degree of intoxication and the severity of gastrointestinal disturbances. The period can be from 3 days to 1 month. At this stage, a diet is important, the basic principles of which are:

  • reduce the intake of carbohydrates (sucrose, lactose). It is carbohydrates that are the breeding ground for the growth of lamblia;
  • increased protein intake - protein stops the growth, development of lamblia;
  • increase the use of fermented milk products, sour fruits, berries;
  • frequent, fractional nutrition promotes the secretion of bile, which destroys lamblia, you should eat 5-6 times a day, with an interval of no more than 4 hours;
  • add bran to the diet to increase the number of dietary fiber.

Such patients are prescribed 5 dietary tables. The diet should be dominated by:

  • porridge;
  • lean meat and fish;
  • lean soups;
  • whole grain bran bread;
  • dairy products;
  • vegetables, fruits, berries;
  • honey, candy, marmalade.

It is necessary to completely exclude:

  • pork fat, margarine;
  • fatty meat and fish;
  • rich broths;
  • all varieties of legumes (beans, peas);
  • more than one egg per day;
  • all sweets, soda;
  • spicy, smoked;
  • mushrooms.

Drug therapy

Preparing a patient for therapy includes the use of medications to normalize the gastrointestinal tract. The patient is prescribed:

  1. Smectu (Dioctit, Diosmectin) is a remedy that well cleanses the body of toxins and bacteria, while normalizing the intestinal microflora. Smecta is not absorbed in the intestines, therefore it is prescribed to patients of any age.
  2. Lactulose (Duphalac, Normase) - these funds are prescribed when constipation occurs. Their advantage is that they are allowed to be taken by pregnant women, nursing mothers.
  3. Enterosgel is a liquid sorbent. In the intestine, it absorbs toxins, bacteria, neutralizing and removing them from the intestines without harm to health.

The presence of a reduced work of the gallbladder requires adherence to a special diet with a sufficient amount of vegetable fats. To reduce discomfort and pain, prokinetics (Domperidone), cholecystokinetics (Magnesium sulfate, Sorbitol, Xylitol) are prescribed.

In the presence of spasm of the sphincter of Oddi, a diet with an insignificant amount of fat (up to 40 g per day) is recommended, the amount of choleretic is limited. It is recommended to treat this condition with antispasmodics (Gimekromon, Odeston) or non-selective muscle relaxants (Duspatalin, Drotaverin, Trimedat).

Depending on the patient's condition, the doctor may prescribe:

  • enzymes (Pancreatin, Festal);
  • hepatoprotectors (Gepabene, Legalon).

Second phase

The second stage of treatment is aimed at getting rid of the lamblia. For this, 3 main groups of drugs are used:

  1. Nitroimidazoles (Ornidazole, Tinidazole). Usually, this is a single dose of medication. Such drugs should not be used during pregnancy, breastfeeding, as well as children under 12 years of age. Among the side effects, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nausea, vomiting, allergies and hypersensitivity to the drug are most often noted. This group of drugs includes Metronidazole. But it is rarely used in the treatment of giardiasis (due to the immunity of lamblia).
  2. Nitrofurans (Nifuratel, Macmiror) - drugs in this group are considered the best for the treatment of giardiasis. They are excreted by the kidneys, so they have a minimum of side effects (nausea, a bitter taste in the mouth, itching and skin rashes may occur). These are tropic drugs that only act on intestinal infections. The course of treatment with Nifuratel is up to 7 days. It is not recommended to be taken during pregnancy and lactation. Furazolidone is another representative of this group of drugs. But it is not used to treat giardiasis due to its immunity to lamblia.
  3. Benzimidazoles (Albendazole) - have universal anthelmintic properties. Albendazole is effective at all stages of helminth development. It is strictly forbidden to use it during pregnancy, lactation, children under 6 years of age. The duration of treatment is 3 to 7 days. The main side effects of the drug: impaired blood formation, allergies and hypersensitivity reactions, failure of the kidneys.
  4. As a complex treatment, Enterol may be prescribed. He has an anti-lambliasis effect. It is a probiotic that is used to combat dysbiosis. It is well tolerated. The course of admission is 5-7 days.

If giardiasis is diagnosed, the treatment regimen for an adult consists of 2 courses of different drugs, the break between which is 1 week.

Hypersensitivity reactions can be reduced using Cetirizine, Telfast or Zyrtec.

At the third stage, rehabilitation therapy is carried out. The patient is prescribed Stimbifid or Bion 3. Prevention of the disease consists in proper nutrition, adherence to hygiene rules.

Worms can live asymptomatically in your body for years and their waste products will interfere with the functioning of your body and cause other diseases, the course of which often becomes chronic.

You are familiar with the following symptoms firsthand:

  • nausea;
  • gas and bloating;
  • frequent colds;
  • poor sleep;
  • weight problems;
  • excessive nervousness;
  • fatigue;
  • skin problems?

Treatment of giardiasis is a rather complicated and time-consuming process. Such a disease cannot be cured on its own, but only with the help of a specialist in these pathologies. Which doctor treats giardiasis? In children, this is a pediatrician or pediatric gastroenterologist. In adults, a gastroenterologist or infectious disease specialist. All of these specialists can be found at the nearest clinic, medical center or hospital, where they will provide you with all the assistance you need.

In addition to the standard, medical method of treatment, in the future you may need the help of a homeopath and phytotherapist, who will contribute to a speedy recovery and strengthen the body.

Where to treat giardiasis?

For the treatment of giardiasis, you can contact public and private medical institutions, where specialist gastroenterologists and infectious disease specialists receive appointments. For children, this can be a children's clinic, a children's infectious diseases department, a pediatric department. Adult patients should go to an adult clinic, gastroenterology department, infectious diseases wards or hospitals, private general clinics or gastroenterology centers.

In every house or educational institution (school or preschool), where a person with giardiasis is found, an anti-epidemic measure is required, which is organized by the local representative of the Sanitary and Epidemiological Station (SES).

Modern treatment of giardiasis

Modern treatment of giardiasis consists of a whole range of medicines, procedures and measures. It is difficult to cure this disease, therefore, it is unacceptable to engage in independent therapeutic methods: only a specialist should determine the treatment regimen.

It is more logical and more effective to start therapeutic measures at the time of exacerbation of the disease, especially with the development of dyspeptic disorders.

For the successful treatment of giardiasis, diet correction is an important link. Patients, especially in childhood, should definitely include in their diet meals with a sufficient content of pectin, a natural enterosorbent. Such dishes are liquid rice porrige on the water, applesauce, blueberry jelly. After two days, the patient is transferred to a more extended diet. At first, the exception is made by products that create a positive environment in the intestines for the life of lamblia. The bulk of such products are simple sugars: muffins, sweets, bakery products, as well as vermicelli, sausage, whole milk. Allowed rice and buckwheat, boiled in water, dairy products, compotes, baked apples, berries, vegetables, sunflower oil, dried fruits.

An important role in the treatment of giardiasis is played by the stabilization of the microflora in the intestine, which, as a rule, is disturbed during the disease. In order to eliminate dysbiosis, it is recommended to use fermented milk products, as well as some probiotic preparations: yogurt, lactobacterin, bifinorm, lactofiltrum, probifor, etc.

Drugs for the treatment of giardiasis

  • Nifuratel (Macmiror) is a nitrofuran drug that is very successful, since it absolutely meets all the requirements listed above. Has an extended range of antimicrobial and antiprotozoal effects. Nifuratel is quickly absorbed, its maximum amount in the blood is observed 2 hours after consumption. Excretion is carried out through the urinary system. In the treatment of giardiasis, the medication is prescribed:
    • for an adult patient, 0.4 g up to 3 times a day for a week;
    • child - 15 mg per kilogram of weight, twice a day for a week.

Nifuratel is less toxic than other drugs of the nitrofuran series. It is not a teratogen and a carcinogen, which is quite suitable for therapy in childhood and during pregnancy.

  • Metronidazole (Trichopolum) is a selectively toxic drug for anaerobic infection, has mutagenic activity, as well as the ability to enhance the effect of radiation therapy in the treatment of oncology. The tablets have a bitter taste and are well absorbed when taken orally. The limiting amount of the drug in the blood is observed 3 hours after ingestion. Metronidazole enters all tissues and environments of the body, including vaginal secretions, semen, salivary secretions. Passes through the blood-brain barrier, excreted during lactation with milk, crosses the placental barrier. For these reasons, this drug is not prescribed during pregnancy and breastfeeding. The drug is excreted through the kidneys. Specialists use two main options for taking Metronidazole:
    • 0.4 g three times a day for 5 days;
    • 0.5 g for adults and 5 mg / kg for children three times a day for 10 days.

During the course of treatment, alcohol intake is contraindicated.

Recently, doctors often use newer medications to cure giardiasis - these are drugs that inhibit tubulin of the benzimidazole series: pyrantel, albendazole, etc. Such drugs are safer than the previously listed nitroimidazoles. However, at the moment, a clear and effective treatment regimen with such drugs has not yet been developed, therefore, therapy with these drugs should be long-term or periodically repeated.

Giardiasis treatment regimen

The treatment regimen for giardiasis consists of three stages.

Stage I - elimination of internal intoxication and stimulation of the enzymatic function of the intestine, strengthening of immunity. Conditions: compliance with certain dietary principles, as well as the appointment of the following drugs:

  • choleretic drugs - eliminate stagnation in the gallbladder (cholekinetic drugs: magnesium sulfate, xylitol, sorbitol, etc.);
  • antispasmodics - relieve spasms of the bile ducts;
  • sorbent preparations - activated carbon, smecta, polysorb, bilignin, etc.;
  • enzyme agents - panzinorm (multienzyme), festal, creon, etc.
  • Metronidazole (Trichopolum);
  • Tinidazole - 2 g at a time;
  • Furazolidone;
  • Macmiror - nitrofuran series of medicines;
  • Ornidazole;
  • Delagil (Chloroquine) 0.25 g three times a day;
  • Paromomycin is an aminoglycoside, 25 mg per kilogram, divided into three doses per day.

Stage III - strengthening the immune defense and further preventing the development of giardiasis infection in the intestine. The conditions of this stage are - proper nutrition with the predominant consumption of vegetables, fruits and berries, as well as fermented milk products. It is recommended to drink tea based on birch buds for a month. To eliminate dysbiosis and strengthen immunity, enzyme preparations and probiotics are prescribed: lactobacterin, mezim, pancreazim, bificol, lacto-moon, etc.

The course of treatment for giardiasis

The course of treatment for giardiasis is usually long.

The first stage usually lasts from 2 weeks to 1 month.

The second stage can last 5-7 days, however, in most cases, a week or 10 days after the end of stage II, it is repeated again in order to confidently avoid relapses of the disease in the future. Sometimes it is possible to prescribe stage II three times, with an interval of 7-10 days. To maximize the effectiveness of such treatment, each course of the second stage is recommended to be carried out with various medications.

Stage III does not have a strictly designated duration and can last long enough - as long as the body requires. For at least a month and a half after the end of treatment, the patient should be observed by the attending doctor in order to remain confident in the complete cure of the disease and the absence of relapses of the disease. The prognosis of giardiasis with adequate treatment is positive.

Choleretic with giardiasis

Choleretic for giardiasis can be prescribed along with other necessary drugs. This is done in order to eliminate the inflammatory process in the gallbladder as quickly as possible, as well as reduce congestion in it. For medicinal purposes, cholekinetic drugs are predominantly prescribed, which dilate the bile ducts and facilitate the flow of bile. Cholekinetics are a series of antispasmodic drugs that relax the gallbladder valve and pancreas, which facilitates the release of bile into the intestinal cavity. Such cholekinetic drugs include atropine sulfate, papaverine, magnesium sulfate, etc.

By the way, a similar effect can be caused by using mineral waters: "Essentuki No. 17 and No. 4", as well as other medicinal waters containing sulfatanions. Such waters are consumed half an hour before meals, 100-150 ml up to 4 times a day.

In addition, in order to tone up the biliary tract, cholespasmolytic agents are prescribed, such as drotaverine, platifillin, barberry-based agents, etc. Valerian root also has a similar effect.

Hofitol for giardiasis

Hofitol is an artichoke-based herbal remedy. This medication is able to restore damaged liver cells, has a choleretic and diuretic effect. Reduces the level of urea in the bloodstream, stabilizes lipid metabolism and the amount of cholesterol. It can be used with other medications to reduce toxic damage to the body. Helps remove heavy metal salts, nitrates and other toxins.

Hofitol has direct indications for prescription for giardiasis, if the patient does not suffer from calculous cholecystitis, acute hepatitis and lack of patency of the biliary tract.

Hofitol for giardiasis is used as follows:

  • 1-2 tab. three times a day, for a month;
  • 5 ml of syrup three times a day, for 3 weeks;
  • 1-2 ampoules of Hofitol intramuscularly, once a day, for 7-14 days.

Hofitol is allowed to be used during pregnancy, but only with the permission and under the supervision of a doctor.

Artichoke extract and the drug Holebil can be considered similar substitutions of the medication.

Allochol with giardiasis

Allochol is a choleretic medication that enhances the production of bile. Allochol, like other choleretic drugs, is actively used for giardiasis. This medication affects the secretion of the liver, stimulates motility and enzymatic activity of the digestive system, and has a slight laxative effect. The medication contains garlic, which reduces fermentation processes in the intestines and stops bloating.

Allochol with giardiasis is taken orally, 3 times a day, 2 tablets, immediately after a meal. In children under 7 years of age, 1 tablet is taken, then the dosage corresponds to that of adults. The course of treatment with Allochol lasts for a month, after which they take a break of 3 months and repeat the therapy (if necessary).

Allochol is approved for use during pregnancy and lactation. Do not prescribe the drug for obstruction of the bile ducts, when stones are found in the cavity of the gallbladder, with an acute inflammatory process in the liver and pancreas.

Antibiotics for giardiasis

With giardiasis, complex therapy is prescribed. The correct selection of treatment methods guarantees a favorable result, meanwhile, a violation of the treatment regimen can lead the disease to a more severe, chronic course.